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		<citationkey>KaufmannABCDFFCGHKLLMMMMNPRSSSSTVVZ:2012:TePhOb</citationkey>
		<title>SOLAR-T: terahertz photometers to observe solar flare emission on stratospheric balloon flights</title>
		<year>2012</year>
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		<author>Kaufmann, P.,</author>
		<author>Abrantes, A,</author>
		<author>Bortolucci, E. C.,</author>
		<author>Correia, Emilia,</author>
		<author>Diniz, J. A.,</author>
		<author>Fernandez, G.,</author>
		<author>Fernandes, Luiz Olavo T.,</author>
		<author>Castro, C. G. Giménez,</author>
		<author>Godoy, R.,</author>
		<author>Hurford, G.,</author>
		<author>Kudaka, A. S.,</author>
		<author>Lebedev, M.,</author>
		<author>Lin, R. P.,</author>
		<author>Machado, N.,</author>
		<author>Makhmutov., V. S.,</author>
		<author>Marcon, R.,</author>
		<author>Marun, A.,</author>
		<author>Nicolaev, V. A.,</author>
		<author>Pereyra, P.,</author>
		<author>Raulin, J. P.,</author>
		<author>Silva, C. M.,</author>
		<author>Shih, A.,</author>
		<author>Stozkhov, Y. I.,</author>
		<author>Swart, J. W.,</author>
		<author>Timofeevsky, A. V.,</author>
		<author>Valio, A.,</author>
		<author>Villela Neto, Thyrso,</author>
		<author>Zakia, M. B.,</author>
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		<affiliation>Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Propertech Tecnologia Ltda</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito (CONICET)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito (CONICET)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>University of California</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Special Astrophysical Observatory of Russian Academy of Sciences</affiliation>
		<affiliation>University of California</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Propertech Tecnologia Ltda</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Lebedev Physics Institute</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito (CONICET)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Tydex Co</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Complejo Astronomico El Leoncito (CONICET)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Neuron Eletronica Ltda</affiliation>
		<affiliation>National Aeronautical and Space Administration</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Lebedev Physics Institut</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Tydex Co</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)</affiliation>
		<affiliation>Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)</affiliation>
		<electronicmailaddress>pierrekau@gmail.com</electronicmailaddress>
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		<electronicmailaddress>ecorreia@craam.mackenzie.br</electronicmailaddress>
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		<electronicmailaddress>villela@das.inpe.br</electronicmailaddress>
		<e-mailaddress>ecorreia@craam.mackenzie.br</e-mailaddress>
		<conferencename>Space Telescopes and Instrumentation: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave.</conferencename>
		<conferencelocation>Amsterdam</conferencelocation>
		<date>2012</date>
		<publisher>International Society for Optics and Photonics</publisher>
		<volume>84424L</volume>
		<pages>84424L-1-84424L-9</pages>
		<booktitle>Proceedings</booktitle>
		<tertiarytype>Paper</tertiarytype>
		<transferableflag>1</transferableflag>
		<contenttype>External Contribution</contenttype>
		<versiontype>publisher</versiontype>
		<keywords>solar flare, THz photometers, ballon flights.</keywords>
		<abstract>A new solar flare spectral component has been found with intensities increasing for larger sub-THz frequencies, spectrally separated from the well known microwaves component, bringing challenging constraints for interpretation. Higher THz frequencies observations are needed to understand the nature of the mechanisms occurring in flares. A twofrequency THz photometer system was developed to observe outside the terrestrial atmosphere on stratospheric balloons or satellites, or at exceptionally transparent ground stations. 76 mm diameter telescopes were designed to observe the whole solar disk detecting small relative changes in input temperature caused by flares at localized positions at 3 and 7 THz. Golay cell detectors are preceded by low-pass filters to suppress visible and near IR radiation, band-pass filters, and choppers. It can detect temperature variations smaller than 1 K with time resolution of a fraction of a second, corresponding to small burst intensities. The telescopes are being assembled in a thermal controlled box to which a data conditioning and acquisition unit is coupled. While all observations are stored on board, a telemetry system will forward solar activity compact data to the ground station. The experiment is planned to fly on board of long-duration stratospheric balloon flights some time in 2013-2015. One will be coupled to the GRIPS gamma-ray experiment in cooperation with University of California, Berkeley, USA. One engineering flight will be flown in the USA, and a 2 weeks flight is planned over Antarctica in southern hemisphere summer. Another long duration stratospheric balloon flight over Russia (one week) is planned in cooperation with the Lebedev Physics Institute, Moscow, in northern hemisphere summer.</abstract>
		<area>CEA</area>
		<language>en</language>
		<targetfile>Kaufmann-solar.pdf</targetfile>
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		<url>http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/proceeding.aspx?articleid=1362329</url>
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